Calculation of Beam Parameters in Resonators

The description is given according to the book “Lasers” by A.E. Siegman, see chapter 21 “Generalized paraxial resonator theory”.

For the analysis, we need to select a reference plane to calculate the round trip matrix against. In general, an element chosen as a parameter of a particular function is the reference plane.

Having the round-trip matrix we can write an expression for transformation of complex parameter:

_images/gauss_q_abcd.png

Because we consider a stable resonator, the output parameter is the same as the input one, so the beam is self-consistent, and it reproduces itself after full round-trip through the resonator:

_images/abcd_q_in_out.png

_images/abcd_q.png

Then we can find out the complex parameter as a solution to the quadratic equation:

_images/abcd_q_quadratic.png

But for convenience, it is better to rewrite this equation meaning the inverted complex parameter:

_images/abcd_q_quadratic_1.png

using the relationship

_images/abcd_ad_bc.png

Self-conformed Complex Radius of Curvature

The solution to this equation gives values of the complex parameter of self-consistent Hermite-gaussian mode in the resonator:

_images/abcd_solution.png

or

_images/abcd_solution_1.png

One of the solutions gives unreal situation when the beam’s energy increases with radial distance.

Knowing the expression of the complex parameter through beam characteristics

_images/gauss_q.png

we can express the properties of the self-consistent beam in terms of round-trip matrix elements.

Radius of Wavefront Curvature

Calculation of the radius of wavefront curvature of the self-consistent beam from components of round-trip matrix:

_images/abcd_curvature.png

Beam Radius

Calculation of the self-consistent beam radius from components of round-trip matrix:

_images/abcd_radius_1.png

_images/abcd_radius_2.png

_images/abcd_radius_3.png

See also

Gaussian Beam